Manufacture of gasolene.



W. M. BURTON. MANUFAGTURE 0F GASOLBNE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 3, 1912.

Patented Jan. 7, 1913.

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UNITED sT'AT E s PATENT oEEIoE..

WILLIAM M. BUiaroN, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, AssIGNon To STANDARD loIL COMPANY,

0F WHITING, INDIANA, A

CORPORATION F INDIANA.

MANFACTURE OF GASOLENE.

`a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in thecounty of Cook 4and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvenient in the Manufacture of Gasoleiie, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an Improvement in the treatment of the high boiling-point residual portions, and particularl the residue of the distillation of. the para n group or series of petroleum after the lower boiling point distillates have been removed to ob.- tain a low boiling-point product of the saine group or series.

The great and growing demand during the past ten years for gasolene has induced a large increase in .the sup l'y by improvei ments in the method of distilling from crude petroleum the naphtlias, the boiling points of which-range from' about 7 5 F. to 350 F. This leaves the illuminating oils, the boiling points of which range-from about 350 F. to

' about 600 F., and the lubricating oils and waxes and. as residue, fuel-oil and gas-oil, with boiling-points ranging from about 600 F. to 700 F. The incl-'easing demand for glasolene has induced attempts to obtain it om this residue; but these attempts, while successful in producing gasolene, have invariably, so far as'I ain aware, as the result of lowering the boiling point, changed the general formula of the paraflin group oup (CnHzn), rendering the product unina ketable because undesirable by reason of its offensive odor, for the removal of which no suitable treatment has been found.`

A known method of treating the fuel and gas oils, forming 'the aforesaid ridue of distillation of the parain series of petroleum, for obtaining therefrom a lov1 boiliii point product involves subjecting the liquid to be treated to Ia. temperature sufficiently high to secure so-called destructive distillation, and conducting the resultant vapors throu h a condenser b way conduit connecting it' with the still, but having a loadedvalve interposed in the conduit betweenthe condenser and still to maintain pressure in the latter of the va ors of distillation on the liquid While t is practice produces the desired effect of lowering the boiling point of the liquid, the condensed product, for reasons which I do not attempt Specication of Letters Patent. Appiicaiion inea Iuiy a,

of a pipe or.

Patented J an. 7, 1913. 1912. serial No. 707,424.

a to explain, is found to have been converted into distillates belonging to the objectionable ethvlene group. referred to.

'lhe object of my invention is to provide a. method of treating the aforesaid residue of the paraffin group of petroleum by distillawhereby the resultant product of low boiling-points shall be of the saine pai'aflin series 'and thus free from the objection mentioned or, in other words, whereby conversion of the petroleum of that series into products be longing to the ethylene series sliallbe avoided. This object I accomplish raisin the boiling point of the liquid residue an increasing the heat-infinence thereon while undergoing distillation by maintaining backpressure on said liquid of the vapors arising therefrom by distillation, as has hitherto been done as aforesaid, and also maintaining the vapors l themselves under essure throughout their course from t e still through the condenser and while undergoing condensation. f

Suitable apparatus devised for the practise of my improvement is illustrated in the accompanying drawing b v a broken view in vertical longitudinal section, diagrammatic in character, showing parts in-,elevatioiL Y A boiler-like holder 1 for the li uid residue to be treated surmounts a fire-c amber 2 and is shown to beequipped with a safetyholder, a pressure-gage 4, and a temperature-gage 5, the preferable construction of which is that illustrated of a tube 51 extend# ing inclinedly into the holder through its headand closed at'its inner end,.for containing mercury, or by preference oil, and adapted to have withdrawably inserted into it through its outer, open end a suitable ther-A mometer 6 for immersion into the contents of the tube under subjection to the heat in of the holder and inclines upwardly therefrom, to induce the return-flow into 1t .of unvaporized ortions ofthe li uid, to a vcondenser 8, t'e tank. of which is shown to be provided with a lowerl draw-oli cock -81.

end through a pipefeiitension 91 'thereof, of any desired length, into a receiver 1 Ofor the products of condensation. Intliis pipe, and thus beyond 4t-he discharge-end of t e coil, is contained a shutoff valve 11, and it is desir-v valve 3 to relieve excessive pressure in the the holder. A conduit 7 .leads from the top The condenser-coil 9 discharges at its' lowerv tion and'coiidensation of the vapors thereof,

able to equip the coil with a relief-valve 12, shown on the upper end of a pipe 121l rising from near the lower end of the coil through the top of the condenser-tank, for relieving the gas-pressure which is liable to accumulate 1n the coil and obstruct the action of the apparatus.

The 'valve l1 is normally closed. From a supply of the aforesaid liquid residue con tained in the holder l, heat from the {irechamber distills the volatile constituents, and the resultant vapors course through the conduit 7 and coil 9, wherein they are condensed. With the valve 11 tightly closed against the escape of the products of condensation, the vapors of distillation accumulate and thereafter exert a high pressure amounting from about 4 to about 5 atmospheres upon the liquid in the holder or still, raising the boiling-point from 500 F.600 F. to 750F.-800 F.; and this pressure of the vapors combined with their contained heat greatly enhances the conversion of the high boiling members of the paraiin series into low boiling members of the same series. The valve 11 is opened from time to time to draw oft' the products of condensation into the receiver 10. In fact, the intervals of drawing off should be sutiiciently frequent to avoid filling the coil with liquid, for the .most satisfactory operation of the apparatus. The resultant asolene is a product belonging to the paragm series, the same as the petroleum residue from which it was distilled. I do not herein account for the eifect of t-he back-pressure from the extreme end of the condensencoil upon the contents of the holder l in preventing transformation of the paraffin series into the objectionable ethylene series, but it is the fact that such effect ensues.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l. The method of treating the liquid-portions of the paraiin-series of petroleum-distillation having a boiling point upward of 500 F. to obtain therefromlow-boilingpoint products of the same series, which consists in distilling at a temperature. of from about 650 to about 850 F. the volatile constituents of said liquid, conducting off and condensing said constituents, and maintaining 'a pressure of from about 4 to about 5 atmospheres on said liquid of said vapors throughout their course to and while undergoing condensation.

2. The method of treating the liquid-portions of the parain-series of petroleum-distillation'havino' a boiling point of upward of 500 F. to o tain therefrom low-boilingpoint products of the same series, which consists in distilling off at a temperature of from about 650 to about 850 F. the volatile constituents of said liquid, conducting .off and condensing said constituents, main taining a pressure of from about 4 to about 5 atmospheres on said liquid of said vapors throughout their course to and while undergoing condensation, and releasing from time to time accumulations of gas from the products of condensation.

O. C. Avisos, R. A. SCHAEFER. 

